BIM - Exemplo utilizando modelo IFC#
Neste artigo, apresentamos um exemplo completo utilizando um modelo IFC de uma ponte, demonstrando o uso da biblioteca ifcopenshell
no Python para analisar o modelo.
Passo 1: Obtenha um Modelo IFC#
Você pode baixar o seguinte modelo gratuito:
Modelo IFC de Ponte (Exemplo Público):
Link para download: Modelo IFC de Ponte no GitHub
Baixe o arquivo da pasta data
(exemplo: ifcbridge-model01.ifc
).
Passo 2: Código em Python#
O código a seguir analisa o modelo IFC, extraindo informações como os tipos de elementos e materiais usados na ponte.
Código Python#
# Instale o ifcopenshell antes: pip install ifcopenshell
import ifcopenshell
# Substitua pelo caminho do modelo IFC baixado
caminho_arquivo_ifc = "../../../data/ifcbridge-model01.ifc"
# Carregar o modelo IFC
modelo = ifcopenshell.open(caminho_arquivo_ifc)
# Função para listar materiais do modelo
def listar_materiais(modelo):
print("\nMateriais no modelo IFC:")
materiais = modelo.by_type("IfcMaterial")
if not materiais:
print("Nenhum material encontrado.")
for material in materiais:
print(f"- {material.Name}")
# Função para listar elementos construtivos
def listar_elementos_construtivos(modelo):
print("\nElementos Construtivos:")
elementos = modelo.by_type("IfcBuildingElement")
for elemento in elementos:
tipo = elemento.is_a()
nome = elemento.Name if hasattr(elemento, "Name") else "Sem nome"
print(f"{tipo}: {nome}")
# Função para contar tipos de elementos
def contar_tipos_elementos(modelo):
print("\nContagem de Tipos de Elementos:")
contagem = {}
elementos = modelo.by_type("IfcBuildingElement")
for elemento in elementos:
tipo = elemento.is_a()
contagem[tipo] = contagem.get(tipo, 0) + 1
for tipo, qtd in contagem.items():
print(f"{tipo}: {qtd} elementos")
# Executar as funções no modelo carregado
listar_materiais(modelo)
listar_elementos_construtivos(modelo)
contar_tipos_elementos(modelo)
Materiais no modelo IFC:
- Metall - verzinkt
- Fahrbahnmarkierung
- Zink
- Stahlbeton - Fertigbeton
- Beton - unbewehrt
- Umgebung - Sand
- Bitumen
- Umgebung - Erde
- Metal - Steel
- Projektnullpunkt
- Baustahl - S355
- <Unnamed>
- Metall - Stahl
- 3D-Schnittmaterial
- Stahlbeton - Ortbeton
- Naturstein - Granit
Elementos Construtivos:
IfcBeam: Kappe_Sued_Ueberbau_Nord:Kappe_Sued_Ueberbau_Nord:1163625
IfcBeam: Fluegelwand_WL_NO2:Fluegelwand_WL_NO:1618070
IfcBeam: 14046_Quertraeger:14046_Quertraeger:1126926
IfcBeam: 14046_Quertraeger:14046_Quertraeger:2488805
IfcBeam: Kappe_Nord_Ueberbau_Nord:Kappe_Nord_Ueberbau_Nord:1163635
IfcBeam: Kappe_Nord_Ueberbau_Sued:Kappe_Nord_Ueberbau_Sued:1115992
IfcBeam: Kappe_Sued_Ueberbau_Sued:Allgemeines Modell 2:1109208
IfcBeam: Fluegelwand_WL_SO3:Fluegelwand_WL_SO:1615365
IfcBeam: 14046_Quertraeger:14046_Quertraeger:1144360
IfcBeam: 14046_Quertraeger:14046_Quertraeger:1151024
IfcBeam: Fluegelwand_WL_NW1:Fluegelwand_WL_NW:1613824
IfcBeam: Fluegelwand_WL_SW2:Fluegelwand_WL_SW:1619289
IfcBearing: 14046_Lager:14046_Lager:1243446
IfcBearing: 14046_Lager:14046_Lager:1243450
IfcBearing: 14046_Lager:14046_Lager:1243448
IfcBearing: 14046_Lager:14046_Lager:1243445
IfcBearing: 14046_Lager:14046_Lager:1243447
IfcBearing: 14046_Lager:14046_Lager:1243449
IfcBearing: 14046_Lager:14046_Lager:1243451
IfcBearing: 14046_Lager:14046_Lager:1242423
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Pflaster_SW:Pflaster_SW:1634075
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger39:Stahltraeger:1248353
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1465747
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1482936
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger1:Stahltraeger:3260752
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1484259
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Befestigung_Boeschungstreppe:Befestigung_Boeschungstreppe:1241128
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1481964
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1481424
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger49:Stahltraeger:1248688
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Allgemeines Modell 4:Allgemeines Modell 4:2550279
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Pflaster_NW:Pflaster_NW:1633822
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger38:Stahltraeger:1248316
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger33:Stahltraeger:1248146
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger6:Stahltraeger:1119341
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Pflaster_SO:Pflaster_SO:1633436
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger44:Stahltraeger:1248533
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Strasse_B5_RIFA_BD_180221:Strasse_B5_RIFA_BD_180221_topo:975810
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger27:Stahltraeger:1247957
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1486635
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger37:Stahltraeger:1248286
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526786
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger45:Stahltraeger:1248564
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger36:Stahltraeger:1248242
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Befestigung_Boeschungstreppe2:Befestigung_Boeschungstreppe:3557878
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1479438
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger34:Stahltraeger:1248178
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1484502
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1486905
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger30:Stahltraeger:1248050
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger35:Stahltraeger:1248210
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger41:Stahltraeger:1248428
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Modelltext:175mm Jahreszahl:1294204
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger29:Stahltraeger:1248019
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Uebergang_Kappe:Uebergang_Kappe:1108738
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Allgemeines Modell 3:Allgemeines Modell 3:2546846
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger28:Stahltraeger:1247988
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Mittelpfeiler_SE_O:SE_Mittelpfeiler:3256010
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1492279
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Mittelpfeiler_SE_W:SE_Mittelpfeiler:3255140
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1481640
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526511
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Strasse_B5_RIFA_HH_171127:Strasse_B5_180221_topo:974283
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger40:Stahltraeger:1248398
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger47:Stahltraeger:1248626
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger50:Stahltraeger:1248737
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger51:Stahltraeger:1248768
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Befestigung_Boeschungstreppe1:Befestigung_Boeschungstreppe:1290771
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1484853
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526454
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526936
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger46:Stahltraeger:1248595
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1489683
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger43:Stahltraeger:1248488
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Wände 22:Wände 1:1632309
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1465877
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Projektnullpunkt_LSBG:Projektnullpunkt_LSBG:3602633
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1485177
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1481802
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Befestigung_Boeschungstreppe3:Befestigung_Boeschungstreppe:3562292
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1479654
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger26:Stahltraeger:1247924
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger42:Stahltraeger:1248458
IfcBuildingElementProxy: Stahltraeger48:Stahltraeger:1248657
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Mittelpfeiler_SE:SE_Mittelpfeiler:1173323
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526882
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1465575
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1492790
IfcColumn: 14046_Mittelpfeile - V4_Sued:14046_Mittelpfeile - V4_Sued:1532253
IfcColumn: 14046_Mittelpfeile - V4_Nord:14046_Mittelpfeile - V4_Nord:1532532
IfcColumn: Wand_Mitte_Nord:Wand_Mitte_Nord:2526282
IfcFooting: Allgemeines Modell 2:Allgemeines Modell 1:2507049
IfcFooting: _Sauberkeitsschicht_WL_NW:_Sauberkeitsschicht_WL_NW:3578782
IfcFooting: _Fundament_WL_NO:_Fundament_WL_SW:3575952
IfcFooting: Allgemeines Modell 1:Allgemeines Modell 1:951516
IfcFooting: _Fundament_MP_N:_Fundament_MP_N:3588828
IfcFooting: _Fundament_WL_NW:_Fundament_WL_NW:3578626
IfcFooting: _Fundament_WL_SW:_Fundament_WL_SW:3578495
IfcFooting: _Sauberkeitsschicht_WL_SW:_Sauberkeitsschicht_WL_SW:3578734
IfcFooting: _Sauberkeitsschicht_WL_NO:_Sauberkeitsschicht_WL_SW:3576800
IfcFooting: _Fundament_MP_S:_Fundament_MP_S:3578296
IfcFooting: _Sauberkeitsschicht_WL_SO:_Sauberkeitsschicht_WL_NW:3577946
IfcFooting: _Fundament_WL_SO:_Fundament_WL_NW:3577079
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1480784
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526759
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526301
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1483503
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526350
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1465466
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1483206
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1467128
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1465965
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1482153
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1480460
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1485852
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526478
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1466977
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1468020
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1491856
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526849
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526984
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1485528
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1483935
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1481235
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1468462
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1467237
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1467640
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1486230
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:1456775
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526421
IfcPlate: 14046_Kopfplatte:Kopfplatte:3526810
IfcRailing: Geländer:Safety GuardRail:2527946
IfcRailing: Geländer:SE_SuperRail_rammen:2672157
IfcRailing: Geländer:SE_SuperRail_aufduebeln:2527917
IfcRailing: Geländer:SE_SuperRail_aufduebeln:2527949
IfcRailing: Geländer:Safety GuardRail:1241990
IfcRailing: Geländer:SE_SuperRail_rammen:2985381
IfcRailing: Geländer:SE_SuperRail_aufduebeln:1241959
IfcRailing: Geländer:SE_SuperRail_aufduebeln:1241993
IfcSlab: Ueberbau_Nord_Ortbeton:Ueberbau_Nord_Ortbeton:1146600
IfcSlab: Ueberbau_Sued_Ortbeton:Ueberbau_Sued_Ortbeton:1098043
IfcSlab: Ueberbau_Sued_FT:Ueberbau_Sued_FT:1102899
IfcSlab: Ueberbau_Nord_FT:Ueberbau_Nord_FT:1147410
IfcStair: TreppeBoesch2_Stufen1:TreppeBoesch2_Stufen:3562408
IfcStair: Stufe:Stufe:1835950
IfcStair: TreppeBoesch2_Stufen:TreppeBoesch2_Stufen:1840533
IfcStair: Stufe1:Stufe:3557970
IfcStair: BoeschTreppe2:BoeschTreppe2:1839912
IfcStair: BoeschTreppe3:BoeschTreppe1:3557901
IfcStair: BoeschTreppe1:BoeschTreppe1:1829349
IfcStair: BoeschTreppe4:BoeschTreppe2:3562393
IfcWall: Fluegelwand_WL_SO4:Fluegelwand_WL_SO:1616981
IfcWall: Widerlagerwand_WL_NW:Widerlagerwand_WL_NW:675246
IfcWall: Hilfswand_WL_SO:Hilfswand_WL_SO:576794
IfcWall: Widerlagerwand_WL_NO1:Widerlagerwand_WL_NO:590479
IfcWall: Widerlagerwand_WL_SW3:Widerlagerwand_WL_SW:1033587
IfcWall: Fluegelwand_WL_SW1:Fluegelwand_WL_SW:1002840
IfcWall: Widerlagerwand_WL_SO1:Widerlagerwand_WL_SO:570986
IfcWall: Fluegelwand_WL_NO1:Fluegelwand_WL_NO:1012798
IfcWall: Widerlagerwand_WL_SW1:Widerlagerwand_WL_SW:2469867
IfcWall: Fluegelwand_WL_NW:Fluegelwand_WL_NW:666313
Contagem de Tipos de Elementos:
IfcBeam: 12 elementos
IfcBearing: 8 elementos
IfcBuildingElementProxy: 68 elementos
IfcColumn: 3 elementos
IfcFooting: 12 elementos
IfcPlate: 28 elementos
IfcRailing: 8 elementos
IfcSlab: 4 elementos
IfcStair: 8 elementos
IfcWall: 10 elementos
Passo 3: Resultados Esperados#
Materiais Usados:
O script listará os materiais definidos no modelo, como concreto ou aço.Elementos Construtivos:
Tipos de componentes da ponte, como pilares, vigas e tabuleiros.Contagem de Elementos:
Quantidade de cada tipo de elemento, como 10 pilares, 5 vigas, etc.
Passo 4: Visualização do Modelo#
Se quiser visualizar o modelo de forma gráfica, você pode usar um visualizador IFC gratuito:
BIMcollab ZOOM (Baixar aqui).
usBIM.viewer+ (Baixar aqui).
Conexão com a Aula#
Prática em Gestão de Projetos: Relacione os materiais e elementos extraídos às etapas do projeto, como planejamento, execução e controle.
Princípios do PMBOK:
Pensamento Sistêmico: Integração dos dados do modelo BIM em decisões estratégicas.
Gestão de Recursos: Identificar os materiais e componentes para controle eficiente de recursos.